Vijay Jacob :: A StifMyster Production ::

1.Inductor- A circuit element consisting of a coil of wire woInductoruld on a core material made of ferrous or non-ferrous material. An inductor resists changes in the flow of electric current through it, because it generates a magnetic field that acts to oppose the flow of current through it, which means that the current cannot change instantaneously in the inductor. This property makes inductors very useful for filtering out residual ripple in a power supply, or for use in signal shaping filters. They are frequency-dependent devices, which means that their inductive reactance, or "effective resistance" to AC decreases as the frequency gets lower, and increases as the frequency gets higher. This property makes them useful in tone controls and other filters.

2. Capacitor=A basic electronic component which acts as a reservoir for electrical power in the form of voltage. A capacitor thus acts to "even out" the voltage across its terminals, and to "conduct" voltage changes from one terminal to the other. A capacitor "blocks" DC and conducts AC in proportion to frequency. Capacitance is measured in Farads: A current of 1 Amp into a capacitance of 1 Farad produces a voltage change of 1 Volt per Second across the capacitor. Typically, two conductive "plates" or metal foils separated by a thin insulator, such as air, paper, or ceramic. An electron charge on one plate attracts the opposite charge on the other plate, thus "storing" charge. A capacitor can be used to collect a small current over long time, and then release a high current for a short time, as used in a camera strobe or "flash."

3. Resistor=a device used in an electrical circuit to oppose the flow of an electric current.

4. Voltage=Voltage is a measure of the energy required to move a charge from one point to another. A difference in the amount of electric charge between two points creates a difference in potential energy, measured in "volts," which causes electrons to flow from an area with more electrons to an area with fewer, producing an electric current.

5. Current=A flow of electrons in an electrical conductor (electricity strength or rate of movement is measured in amperes).

6. electromotive force(E.M.F)=Electro Motive Force. The name given to the various mechanisms which produces a separation of positive and negative charge which ultimately leads to flow of charge

7. Impedance=The combined effect of capacitance, inductance, and resistance on a signal. According to Ohm’s law, voltage is the product of current and resistance at a given frequency. Impedance is a measure of resistance to electrical current flow when a voltage is moved across it. Impedance is measured in ohms and is the ratio of voltage to the flow of current allowed.

8. Transistor=The transistor, invented by three scientists at the Bell Laboratories in 1947, rapidly replaced the vacuum tube as an electronic signal regulator. A transistor regulates current or voltage flow and acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals. A transistor consists of three layers of a semiconductor material, each capable of carrying a current. They have two key properties: 1) they can amplify an electrical signal and 2) they can switch on and off, letting current through or blocking it as necessary. The three leads of a transistor are the emitter, base, and collector, and in the most common mode of operation, a large current flow between the collector and emitter terminals is controlled by a small current applied to the third terminal, the base. The current can be turned on and off, causing the transistor to behave as a switch.

9. Semiconductor=In wire industry terminology, a material possessing electrical conduction properties that fall somewhere between conductors and insulators. Usually made by adding carbon particles to an insulator. Not the same as semi-conductor materials such as silicon, germanium, etc., used for making transistors and diodes.

10. Diode=A two-terminal semiconductor device that will allow current to flow through it in only one direction. With the proper voltage polarity across the device, it will act as a conductor. When the voltage polarity is reversed, the device will act as a nonconductor, allowing no current to flow.

11. Integrated Circuits=A collection of transistors and electrical circuits all built onto a single crystal. Today's integrated circuits are no more than a centimeter long, and they can carry millions of microscopic transistors. All computers have integrated circuits inside.

12. Active Circuits=An electronic circuit which uses active devices such as transistors or integrated circuits for its operation and which requires a power source for operation.

13. BATTERY - An electrical device consisting of one or more cells which converts chemical or solar energy into electrical energy. A battery provides a source of steady-state DC voltage.

14. ANALOG SIGNAL - An electrical signal that has continuously varying voltages, frequencies, or phases.

15. ALTERNATING CURRENT - AC VOLTAGE - Either voltage or current that varies smoothly from zero to a maximum value in one direction, or polarity, and returns to zero. It then reverses its direction (polarity) and rises to a maximum value in the opposite direction, and then returns to zero to complete the cycle. This cycle is repeated continuously. The number of cycles per second is its frequency, measured in hertz (Hz).